The Path and Life of Witchyredrose

 

This page is dedicated to those  who lost their lives because they were accused of witchcraft.

Most of these people were healers,medicine men/women,or people who were just different.

This page is dedicated to those who were killed or who died in prison.

It mattered not what religion they were. Those who died could have been pagan,most christian, maybe some jew, and others.

Now  is the time to put aside our differences and honor the dead.

The sheer number of deaths in the Inquisitions is astounding. There was an estimated 200,000 to 9,000,000 deaths that took place.  We must chant the words "Never Again".!!  As Neo-paganism and Witchcraft grows, paranoia  grows. We must be vigilante in our prevention of the stereotypes that plague our people.  It could happen again. Most killed in the burning times were not witches, but rather accused of being so. They were killed by the people of the times because of fear of our people They must be honored.It must never happen again. Since the beginning of time war has been waged, war that has receded to hate crimes. In the past war was waged in courtrooms, town squares, and peoples homes. The  war of good versus evil, not in the biblical sense or in the sense  that most would think it, but in the sense of  good and evil in the  human soul and heart. This evil is much less defined then any evil that first comes to mind at the mention of the word. This war surfaced many times throughout history,  but not so horribly as the Witch Craft Trials.  These trials contrary to belief did not start and end in the 1600's but rather began with time and has never ended.The 1600's and the 1700's were when it was most prevalent, however,  that does not mean that the slaying of innocent families in the recent past (1996) should go unheeded or without tears shed.It does not mean that the deaths of three women in the 1950's in Mexico should go unnoticed, 2 of these women were hung and one was burned at the stake.In the 1930's a woman was stoned to death for being a witch in France. Stoned,is the method of throwing rocks at a person until they lay dead of internal bleeding or of massive head injuries. The death of those innocents has been estimated at 7-12 million. Very few of these deaths were actually recorded, in the past witches were viewed as demons not humans therefore for the most part historians have had to use personal diaries and other documents of that nature to estimate the number of deaths. The most common methods of execution or' murder 'were burning, hanging, stoning, pressing and drowning. Burning was most common. The condemned witch was dragged to her death sight behind a horse ,bound at her hands.Most often her condition was so weak she was actually half dead. Once she reached the sight,crowded with onlookers,she would be bound hands, feet and head to a large pole protruding from the earth, commonly known as a stake. Firewood and kindling would be placed around her and the onlookers would spit and say cruel things to her. The drywood and kindling would be set aflame, and the crowd would watch her burn to death as she screamed for mercy, if she wasn't gagged. Occasionally a sympathetic executioner would break her neck before the dry wood was set aflame, but that rarely happened as doing such a merciful thing could condemn you to the same fate.  Most hoped for a less painful death like hanging, but that was only because they didn't know what it was like. Hanging was just as horrible as burning but in different ways. When you were hung most often you did not suffer a broken neck and die almost immediately. You were suspended from your neck and suffocated to death in 2-3 minutes while suffering excruciating pain, feeling all your nerve ends slowly die. Drowning was a common death for witches as well, however this was not an execution but a test. You were tied at hands and feet and weighted with rocks (sometimes) and thrown into water.You were fished out minutes later and if you were alive you were innocent and god had saved you. Another variation of drowning was binding the witches hands and legs to a long wooden plank The plank is lowered so your head is under water and you are left.  If you struggle you are a witch.If you sit still and trust in god and your innocence and live ,you were  innocent. Stoning was another popular execution.  Pressing was a means of torturing names or information out of a witch Pressing, a supposed witch would be bound either to a large flat rock or several boards and then boards would be placed atop them. Onto the boards extremely large, heavy stones were placed The more you refused to cooperate, the more weight. This continued until you either did as they asked or you died. These are not the only methods of execution, torture, and testing that were carried out,but the most commonly used .


The religion of Witchcraft dates back about 25,000 years, to the Paleolithic Age, where the God of Hunting and the Goddess of Fertility first appeared. Out of respect for the power of Nature came a belief in beings, gods... who controlled the winds, the seas, the earth and the fires.

Soon, the old ways of the common people came into conflict with a new religion that started with rulers and upper classes - Christianity.
When the Christians decided that their new ways weren't catching on fast enough, things got a lot rougher for those who were practicing the Old Religion. Christian leaders began asserting that Witches were devil worshippers and savages.
In the year 1233, Pope Gregory IX instituted the Roman Catholic tribunal known as the Inquisition, in an attempt to suppress heresy. In 1320, the church,at the request of Pope John XXII, officially declared Witchcraft and the Old Religion of the Pagans as a heretical movement and a hostile threat to Christianity. Witches had now become heretics and the persecution against all Pagans spread like wildfire throughout Europe.  'It is interesting to note that before a person can be considered a heretic, he or she must first be a Christian, and Pagans have never been Christians. They have always been Pagans.'
 Pope Innocent VIII in 1484, after he declared Witchcraft to be a heresy, instructed the Dominican monks Heinrich Kraemer and Jacob Sprenger to publish a manual for Witch-hunters. Two years later the work appeared with the title Malleus malificarum, or 'The Witches' Hammer.' The manual was used for the next 250 years in the church's attempt to destroy the Old Religion of Western Europe.

Witches, along with countless numbers of innocent men, women, and children who were not Witches were persecuted, brutally tortured, often sexually molested or raped, and then executed by sadistic, bloodthirsty church authorities who taught that their God was a god of love and compassion. Once denounced, a suspected Witch was arrested and then hideously tortured into a confession.  Suspects were subjected to thumbscrews, the rack, boots which broke the bones of the legs;deprived of sleep, starved and beaten. At times, hundreds of suspected Witches were killed in a day.

Witchcraft in England was made an illegal offense in the year 1541, and in 1604 a law decreeing capital punishment for Witches and Pagans was adopted. Forty years later, the thirteen colonies in American also made death the penalty for the crime of Witchcraft. By the late seventeenth century, the followers who remained loyal to the Old Religion were in hiding and Witchcraft had turned into a secret underground religion after an estimated one million persons had been put to death in Europe and more than thirty condemned at Salem, Massachusetts, in the name of Christianity.
When the persecutions ended in the 18th century, the stereotype of Witches as devil worshippers remained for those who were uninformed of the true nature of the Craft.

THE KILLINGS OF "WITCHES"

(c) copyright 1990 W.J. Bethancourt

The following are all documented incidents in the killings of "witches." ONLY incidents solely relating to witchcraft accusations have been included. Bear in mind that this is probably NOT all of them. Some were guilty. Most were probably innocent. Some were Satanists, others were not. Some were just senile. ALL on this list died as a result of a witchcraft accusation.

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Adamson, Francis: executed at Durham, England, in 1652

Albano, Peter of: died in prison circa 1310

Allen, Joan: hanged at the Old Bailey, London, England, in 1650

Allen, Jonet: burned in Scotland in 1661

Amalaric, Madeline: burned in France in mid-1500's

Ancker, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Andrius, Barthelemy: burned at Carcassonne, France in 1330

Andrius, Jean: burned at Carcassonne, France in 1330

Andrius, Phillippe: burned at Carcassonne, France in 1330

Arnold, (first name unknown): hanged at Barking, England, in 1574

d'Arc, Joan: burned at Rouen, France, on 30 May, 1431 (note: the witchcraft charge in this case was -implied- and not specific)

Ashby, Anne: hanged at Maidstone, England, in July, 1652

Askew, Anne: burned for witchcraft 1546

Audibert, Etienne: condemned for witchcraft in France,on 20 March 1619

Aupetit, Pierre: burned at Bordeaux, France, in 1598

Babel, Zuickel: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Babel, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Baker, Anne: executed in Leicester, England, in 1619

Balcoin, Marie: burned in the reign of Henry IV of France

Balfour, Alison: burned at Edinburgh, Scotland, on 16 December, 1594

Bannach, (husband) (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Bannach, (wife) (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Barber, Mary: executed in Northhampton, England, on 22 July, 1612

Barker, Janet: burned in Scotland in 1643

Baroni, Catterina: beheaded and burned at Castelnovo, Italy, on 14 April, 1647

Barthe, Angela de la: burned at Toulouse, France, in 1275

Barton, William: executed in Scotland (year unknown)

Basser, Fredrick: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Batsch, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Bayerin, Anna: executed at Salzburg, Austria, in 1751

Beaumont, Sieur de: accused of witchcraft on 21 October, 1596

Bebelin, Gabriel: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Beck, Viertel: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Beck, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Belon, Jean: executed in France, in 1597

Berger, Christopher: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Berrye, Agnes: hanged at Enfield, England, in 1616

Bentz, (mother) (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Bentz, (daughter) (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Beuchel, Anna: burned at Waldsee, Germany, in 1581

Beutler, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Bill, Arthur: executed in Northhampton, England, on 22 July, 1612

Birenseng, Agata: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 25 June, 1594

Bishop, Briget: hanged at Salem, New England on 10 June, 1692

Bodenham, Anne: hanged at Salisbury, England, in 1653

Bonnet, Jean: burned alive at Boissy-en-Ferez, France, in 1583

Boram, (mother) (first name unknown): hung at Bury St Edmunds, England, in 1655

Boram, (daughter) (first name unknown): hung at Bury St Edmunds, England, in 1655

Bolingbroke, Roger: hanged, drawn and quartered at Tyburn, England, on 18 November, 1441

Boulay, Anne: burned at Nancy, France, in 1620

Boulle, Thomas: burned alive at Rouen, France, on 21 August, 1647

Bowman, Janet: burned in Scotland in 1572

Bragadini, Mark Antony: beheaded in Italy in the 1500's

Brickmann, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Brose, Elizabeth: tortured to death in the castle of Gommern, Germany, on 4 November, 1660

Brown, Janet: burned in Scotland in 1643

Browne, Agnes: executed in Northhampton, England, on 22 July, 1612

Browne, Joan: executed in Northhampton, England, on 22 July, 1612

Browne, Mary: hanged at Maidstone, England, in July, 1652

Brooks, Jane: hanged in England on 26 March, 1658

Brugh, John: burned in Scotland in 1643

Buckh, Appollonia: burned at Waldsee, Germany, in 1581

Bugler, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Bulcock, John: executed in Lancaster, England, in 1612

Bulcock, Jane: executed in Lancaster, England, in 1612

Bull, Edmund: hanged at Taunton, England, in 1631

Bulmer, Matthew: hanged at Newcastle, England, in 1649

Burroughs, George: executed at Salem, New England, on 19 August, 1692

Bursten-Binderin, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Calles, Helen: executed at Braynford, England, on 1 December, 1595

Camelli, Domenica: beheaded and burned at Castelnovo, Italy, on 14 April, 1647

Canzler, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Carrier, Martha: executed at Salem, New England, on 19 August, 1692

Caveden, Lucia: beheaded and burned at Castelnovo, Italy, on 14 April, 1647

Cemola, Zinevra: beheaded and burned at Castelnovo, Italy, on 14 April, 1647

Corey, Martha: executed at Salem, New England, on 22 September, 1692

Corey, Giles: prssed to death at Salem, New England, on 19 September, 1692

Corset, Janet: killed by a mob at Pittenweem, Scotland, in 1704

Challiot, (first name unknown): murdered at St. Georges, France, in February, 1922

Chalmers, Bessie: tried for witchcraft in Inverkiething, Scotland 1621

Chambers, (first name unknown): died in prison, in England, in 1693

Chamoulliard, (first name unknown): burned in France, in 1597

de Chantraine, Anne: burned as a witch in Waret-la-Chaussee, France, on October 17, 1622

Chatto, Marioun: tried for witchcraft in Inverkiething, Scotland 1621

Ciceron, Andre: burned alive at Carcassone, France, in 1335

Cockie, Isabel: burnt as a witch, at a cost of 105 s. 4 p., in England 1596

Cox, Julian: executed at Taunton, England, in 1663

Couper, Marable: burned in the north of Scotland in 1622

Craw, William: burned in Scotland in 1680

Crots, (son) (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Cullender, Rose: executed at Bury St Edmunds, England, on 17 March 1664

Cumlaquoy, Marian: burned at Orkney, Scotland in 1643

Cunningham, John: burned at Edinburgh, in January, 1591

Cunny, Joan: hanged in Chelmsford, England, in 1589

Deiner, Hans: burned at Waldsee, Germany (year unknown)

Delort, Catherine: burned at Toulouse, France, in 1335

Demdike, Elizabeth: convicted, but died in prison, in Lancaster, England, in 1612

DeMolay, Jacques: Grand Master of the Templars, burned in France on 22 March 1312

Desbordes, (first name unknown): burned in France, in 1628

Deshayes, Catherine: burned on 22 February, 1680

Device, Elizabeth: executed in Lancaster, England, in 1612

Device, James: executed in Lancaster, England, in 1612

Device, Alizon: executed in Lancaster, England, in 1612

Doree, Catherine: executed at Courveres, France, in 1577

Dorlady, Mansfredo: burned at Vesoul, France as being the Devil's banker, on 18 January, 1610

Dorlady, Fernando: burned at Vesoul, France as being the Devil's banker, on 18 January, 1610

Dormar, Anna: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 9 October, 1586

Douglas, Janet: burned at Castle, Hill, Scotland, on 17 July, 1557

Drummond, Alexander: executed in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1670

"Dummy" (name unknown; he was deaf-and-dumb): killed by a mob at Sible Hedingham, England, on 3 August, 1865

Duncan, Gellie: hanged in Scotland in 1591

Dunhome, Margaret: burned in Scotland (year unknown)

Dunlop, Bessie: burned at Castle Hill, Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1576

Duny, Amy: executed at Bury St Edmunds, England, on 17 March, 1664

Dyneis, Jonka: burned in the north of Scotland in 1622

Easty, Mary: executed at Salem, New England, on 22 September, 1692

Echtinger, Barbara: imprisoned for life at Waldsee, Germany, on 24 August, 1545

Edelfrau, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Edwards, Susanna: hanged at Bideford, England in 1682

Einseler, Catharina: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 6 July, 1581

Erb, Anna: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 9 March, 1586

Eyering, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Fian, John: hanged at Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1591

Fief, Mary le: of Samur, France, accused of witchcraft, on 13 October 1573

Fleischbaum, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Flieger, Catharina: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 6 July, 1581

Flower, Joan: died before trial, at Lincoln, England, 1619

Flower, Margaret: executed at Lincoln, England, in March, 1619

Flower, Phillippa: executed at Lincoln, England, in March, 1619

Foster, Anne: hanged at Northhampton, England, in 1674

Fray, Ursula: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 12 June, 1587

Fray, Margaret: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 25 June, 1594

Fynnie, Agnes: burned in Scotland in 1643

Gabley, (first name unknown): executed at King's Lynn, England, in 1582

Galigai, Leonora: beheaded at the Place de Grieve, France, on 8 July, 1617

Garnier, Gilles: burned as a werewolf in Dole, France 1574

Gaufridi, Louis: burned at Marseilles, France, at 5:00 pm on 30 April, 1611

Geissler, Clara: strangled at Gelnhausen, Germany circa 1630

Georgel, Anna Marie de: burned at Toulouse, France, in 1335

Geraud, Hughes: burned in France in 1317

Gering, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Glaser, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Glover, Goody: hanged at Salem, New England, in 1688

Gobel, Barbara: burned at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1639

Goeldi, Anna: hanged at Glaris, Switzerland, on 17 June, 1782

Goldschmidt, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Good, Sarah: executed at Salem, New England, on 19 July, 1692

Grandier, Urbain, burned at Loudon, France, on 18 August, 1634

Goodridge, Alse: executed at Darbie, England, in 1597

Gratiadei, Domenica: beheaded and burned at Castelnovo, Italy, on 14 April, 1647

Green, Ellen: executed in Leicester, England, in 1619

Greensmith, (first name unknown): hanged in Hartford, New England, on 20 January, 1662

Greland, Jean: burned at Chamonix, France, in 1438, with 10 others

Grierson, Isobel: burned in Scotland in March, 1607

Gutbrod, (first name unknown:) beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Haan, George: burned at Bamberg, Germany, circa 1626, with his wife, daughter, and son

Hacket, Margaret: executed at Tyburn, England, on 19 February, 1585

Hamilton, Margaret: burned in Scotland in 1680

Hafner, (son) (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Hammellmann, Melchoir: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Hamyltoun, Christiane: tried for witchcraft in Inverkiething, Scotland 1621

Hans, David: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Hans, Kilian: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Harfner, (first name unknown): hanged herself in the prison of Bamberg, 1628-1629

Harlow, Bessie: tried for witchcraft in Inverkiething, Scotland 1621

Harrisson, Joanna, and her daughter: executed in Hertford, England, in 1606

Harvilliers, Jeanne: executed in France, in 1578

Haus, (wife) (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Hennot, Catherine: burned alive in Germany in 1627

Henry III, King of France: assassinated on 1 August, 1589

Hewitt, Katherine: executed in Lancaster, England, in 1612

Hezensohn, Joachim: beheaded at Waldsee, Germany, in 1557

Hibbins, Anne: hanged in Boston, Massachusetts on 19 June, 1656

Hirsch, Nicodemus: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Hoecker, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Hofschmidt, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Holtzmann, Stoffel: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Hofseiler, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Hoppo, (first name unknown): executed in Germany in 1599

How, Elizabeth: executed at Salem, New England, on 19 July, 1692

Hoyd, Anna: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 24 November, 1586

Huebmeyer, Barbara: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 11 September, 1589

Huebmeyer, Appela: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 11 September, 1589

Hunt, Joan: hanged in Middlesex, England in 1615

Hunter, Alexander: burned at Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1629

Huxley, Catherine: hanged at Worcester, England in the summer of 1652

Isel, Ursula: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 7 November, 1586

Isolin, Madlen: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 6 July, 1581

Jacobs, George: executed at Salem, New England, on 19 August, 1692

Jenkenson, Helen: executed in Northhampton, England, on 22 July, 1612

Jennin, (first name unknown): burned at Cambrai, France, in 1460

Jollie, Alison: executed in Scotland, in October, 1596

Jones, Katherine: burned in the north of Scotland in 1622

Jones, Margaret: executed in Charlestown, North America, on 15 June, 1648

Jordemaine, Margery: burned at Smithfield, England, on 27 October, 1441

Junius, Johannes: of Bamberg, executed as a witch, on 6 August, 1628

Jung, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Kent, Margaret: tried for witchcraft in Inverkiething, Scotland 1621

Kerke, Anne: executed at Tyburn, England, in 1599

Kleiss, Anna: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 30 October, 1586

Kless, Catharina: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 12 June, 1587

Knertz, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Knor, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Knott, Elizabeth: hanged at St. Albans, England, in 1649

Kramerin, Schelmerey: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Kuhnlin, Elsa: burned at Waldsee, Germany, in 1518

Kuler, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Lachenmeyer, Waldburg: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 5 July, 1585

deLarue, (first name unknown): burned at Rouen, in 1540

Lauder, Margaret: burned in Scotland in 1643

Leclerc, (no first name given): condemned for witchcraft, in France 1615

Lakeland, (first name unknown): burned at Ipswich, England, in 1645

Lamb, Dr.: stoned to death by a mob at St. Paul's Cross, London, England, in 1640

Lambrecht, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Leger, (no first name given): condemmned for witchcraft in France, on 6 May, 1616

Liebler, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Lloyd, Temperance: hanged at Bideford, England in 1682

Louis, (first name unknown): executed at Suffolk, England, in 1646

Lowes, John: hanged at Bury, England, about 1645

Lutz, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Macalzean, Euphemia: burned alive in Scotland for witchcraft, on 25 June, 1591

Marigny, Enguerrand de: hanged in France in 1315

Marguerite, (last name unknown): burned at Paris, France, in 1586

Mark, Bernhard: burned alive at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Martin, Marie: executed in France, in 1586

Martin, Susannah: executed at Salem, New England, on 19 July, 1692

Martyn, Anne: hanged at Maidstone, England, in July, 1652

Mayer, Christina: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 9 October, 1586

Mazelier, Hanchemand de: arrested at Neuchatel, Germany 1439

Meath, Petronilla de: burned as a witch, the first such burning in Ireland, on 3 November, 1324

Meyer, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Mirot, Dominic: burned at Paris, France, in 1586

Morin (first name unknown): burned at Rouen, in 1540

Mossau, Renata von: beheaded and burned in Bavaria, Germany, on 21 June, 1749

Mullerin, Elsbet: burned at Waldsee, Germany, in 1531

Mundie, Beatrice: tried for witchcraft in Inverkiething, Scotland 1621

Napier, Barbara: hanged in Scotland in 1591

Nathan, Abraham: executed at Haeck, Germany, on 24 September, 1772

Newell, John: executed at Barnett, England, on 1 December, 1595

Newell, Joane: executed at Barnett, England, on 1 December, 1595

Newman, Elizabeth: executed at Whitechapel, England in 1653

Nottingham, John of: died in custody, Coventry, England, 1324

Nurse, Rebecca: executed at Salem, New England, on 19 July, 1692

Nutter, Alice: executed in Lancaster, England, in 1612

 

Oliver, Mary: burned at Norwich, England, in 1658

Orchard, (first name unknown): executed at Salisbury, England, in 1658

Osborne, (husband) (first name unknown): killed by a mob at Tring, Herefordshire, England, in 1751

Osborne, (wife) Ruth: killed by a mob at Tring, Herefordshire, England, in 1751

Osburne, Sarah: died in prison at Boston, Massachusetts, 10 May, 1692

Oswald, Catherine: burned in Scotland in 1670

Paeffin, Elsa: burned at Waldsee, Germany, in 1518

Pajot, Marguerite: executed at Tonnerre, France, in 1576

Paris, (first name unknown): hanged at St. Andrews, Scotland, in 1569

Parker, Alice: executed at Salem, New England, on 22 September, 1692

Parker, Mary: executed at Salem, New England, on 22 September, 1692

Palmer, John: hanged at St. Albans, England, in 1649

Pannel, Mary: executed in Yorkshire, England, in 1603

Pearson, Alison: burned in Scotland on 28 May, 1588

Peebles, Marion: burned in Scotland in 1643

Peterson, Joan: hanged at Tyburn, England, in April, 1652

Pichler, Emerenziana: burned at Defereggen, Germany, on 25 September, 1680 (her two sons, aged 12 and 14, were also burned two days later)

Poiret, (first name unknown): burned at Nancy, France, in 1620

Pomp, Anna: executed at Lindheim, Germany, in 1633

Porte, Vidal de la: condemned at Riom, France, in 1597

Powle, (first name unknown): executed at Durham, England, in 1652

Prentice, Joan: hanged in Chelmsford, England, in 1589

Preston, Jennet: executed in York, England, in 1612

Pringle, Margaret: burned in Scotland in 1680

Procter, John: executed at Salem, New England, on 19 August, 1692

Pudeator, Anne: executed at Salem, New England, on 22 September, 1692

Quattrino, Dominic: burned at Mesolcina, Italy, in 1583

Rais, Gilles de: on charges of witchcraft, executed 26 October, 1440

Rattray, George: executed in Spott, Scotland, in 1705

Rattray, Lachlan: executed in Spott, Scotland, in 1705

Rauffains, Catharina: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 7 November, 1586

Reade, Mary: hanged at Maidstone, England, in July, 1652

Redfearne, Anne: executed in Lancaster, England, in 1612

Reed, Wilmot: executed at Salem, New England, on 22 September, 1692

Reich, Maria: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 5 July, 1585

Reid, John: hanged himself in prison, in Scotland, in 1697

Reoch, Elspeth: burned in the north of Scotland in 1622

Robey, Isobel: executed in Lancaster, England, in 1612

Rodier, Catala: burned alive at Carcassone, France, in 1335

Rodier, Paul: burned alive at Carcassone, France, in 1335

Rohrfelder, Margaret: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 24 August, 1585

Rosch, Maria: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 6 July, 1581

Rosseau, (no first name given), and his daughter, (no name given) of France, accused of witchcraft on 2 October 1593

Rue, Abel de la: of Coulommiers, France, accused of witchcraft on 20 July, 1592

Roulet, Jacques: burned alive for being a were-wolf, at Angiers, France, in 1597

Rum, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Russel, Alice: killed by a mob at Great Paxton, England, 20 May, 1808

Rutchser, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Rutter, Elizabeth: hanged in Middlesex, England in 1616

Sailler, Ursula: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 24 August, 1585

Sampsoune, Agnes: tried, strangled, and burnt for a witch in Scotland 1591

Samuels, (family): three members condemned for witchcraft in Warboys, England, on 4 April, 1593

Sawyer, Elizabeth, hanged at Tyburn, England, on 19 April, 1621

Scharber, Elsbeth: burned at Waldsee, Germany, in 1581

Schneider, Felicitas: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 9 March, 1586

Schnelling, Anna: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 11 September, 1589

Schutz, Babel: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Schwaegel, Anna Maria: beheaded at Kempten, Germany, on 11 April, 1775

Schwartz, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Schenck, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Schellhar, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Schickelte, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Schneider, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Schleipner, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Schuler, (first name not known): burned at Lindheim, Germany on 23 February, 1663

Schultheiss, Ursula: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 9 March, 1586

Schwarz, Eva: burned at Waldsee, Germany, in 1581

Schwerdt, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Scott, Margaret: executed at Salem, New England, on 22 September, 1692

Scottie, Agnes: burned in the north of Scotland in 1622

Sechelle, (first name unknown): burned at Paris, France, in 1586

Smith, Mary: hanged at King's Lynn, England, in 1616

Stadlin, (first name unknown): executed in Germany in 1599

Steicher, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Steinacher, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Steward, William: hanged at St. Andrews, Scotland, in 1569

Stewart, Christian: strangled and burned in Scotland, in November, 1596

Stolzberger, (son) (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Stolzberger, (wife) (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Stolzberger, (granddaughter) (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Stubb, Peter: executed as a werewolf near Cologne, Germany, in 1589

Stuber, Laurence: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Sturmer, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Style, Elizabeth: died in prison, at Taunton, England, in 1664

Seiler, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Silberhans, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Steinbach, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Stier, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Stadelmann, Ursula: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 7 November, 1586

Sutton (mother) (first name unknown): executed in Bedford, England in 1613

Sutton, Mary: executed in Bedford, England in 1613

Thausser, Simon, and his wife (no name given): burned at Waldsee, Germany, in 1518

Thompson, Annaple: burned in Scotland in 1680

Tod, Beigis: burned at Lang Nydrie, Scotland, on 27 May, 1608

Treher, Anna: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 5 July, 1585

Trembles, Mary: hanged at Bideford, England in 1682

Trois-Echelles (pseud.): executed at Paris, France, in 1571 (or 1574)

Tungerslieber, (first name unknown) beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Turner, Ann: murdered in England, in 1875

Uhlmer, Barbara: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 24 August, 1585

Upney, Joan: hanged in Chelsford, England, in 1589

Utley, (first name unknown): hanged at Lancaster, England, in 1630

Valee, Melchoir de la: burned at Nancy, France, in 1631

Vallin, Pierre: executed in France, in 1438

Valkenburger, (daughter) (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Vaecker, Paul: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Vickar, Bessie: burned in Scotland in 1680

Wachin, Ursula: burned at Waldsee, Germany, in 1528

Wagner, Michael: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Wagner, (first name unknown): burnt alive at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Wallace, Margaret: executed in Glascow, Scotland, in 1622

Wardwell, Samuel: executed at Salem, New England, on 22 September, 1692

Waterhouse, (first name unknown): hanged in Dorset, England in 1565

Wanderson, (wife 1) (first name unknown): executed in England, in January, 1644.

Wanderson, (wife 2) (first name unknown): executed in England, in January, 1644.

Weir, Thomas: burned between Edinburgh and Leith, Scotland, on 11 April, 1670

Weiss, Agatha: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 9 October, 1586

Weydenbusch, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Whittle, Anne: executed in Lancaster, England, in 1612

Wildes, Sarah: executed at Salem, New England, on 19 July, 1692

Willard, John: executed at Salem, New England, on 19 August, 1692

Willimot, Joan: executed in Leicester, England, in 1619

Wilson, Anne: hanged at Maidstone, England, in July, 1652

Wirth, Klingen: beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Wirth, Trauben: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 5 July, 1585

Wright, Mildred: hanged at Maidstone, England, in July, 1652

Wuncil, Brigida: burned at Waldsee, Germany, on 6 July, 1581

Wunth, (first name unknown): beheaded at Wurzburg, Germany, 1628-1629

Younge, Alse: hanged in Connecticut, North America, on 26 May, 1647

Yullock, Agnes: burned in the north of Scotland in 1622

 

*****************************************

THE UNKNOWNS

8000 "Stedingers" killed on 27 May, 1234

180 burned for witchcraft at Montwimer, France, on 29 May, 1239

36 Knights Templar died under torture in France, in October, 1307

54 Knights Templar burned in France, on 12 May, 1310

39 Knights Templar burned in France, on 18 March 1314

"Some" burned at Kilkenny, Ireland, 1323

200 + burned at Carcassonne, France, between 1320-1350

63 burned at Toulouse, France, in 1335

8 burned at Carcassonne, France, in 1352

31 burned at Carcassonne, France, in 1357

67 burned at Carcassonne, France, between 1387-1400

1 burned at Berlin, Germany, in 1399

"Several" witches burned alive at Simmenthal, Switzerland, circa 1400

"Several" burned at Carcassonne, France, in 1423

200 + executed in the Valais, France between 1428-1434

167 executed in l'Isere, France, between 1428-1447

16 executed in Toulouse, France, in 1432

8 executed in Toulouse, France, in 1433

150 executed in Briancon, France, in 1437

3 burnt in Savoy between 1446 and 1447

7 killed at Marmande, France, in 1453

1 burned at Locarno, Italy, in 1455

"Many" burned in Arras, France in 1459

2 burned in Burgundy, France, in 1470

3 burned at Forno-Rivara, Italy, in 1472

2 burned at Levone, in Italy, in 1474

5 burned at Forno, Italy, in 1475

12 women and "several" men burned at Edinburgh, in 1479

4 burned at Metz, Germany, in 1482

48 burned at Constance, between 1482-1486

2 burned at Toulouse, France, in 1484

2 burned in Chaucy, France in 1485

1 died in prison, at Metz, Germany 1488

3 executed at Mairange, Germany, on 17 June, 1488

2 executed at Mairange, Germany, on 25 June, 1488

3 executed at Chastel, Germany, on 26 June, 1488

3 executed at Metz, Germany, on 1 July, 1488

1 executed at Salney, Germany, on 3 July, 1488

2 executed at Salney, Germany, on 12 July, 1488

3 executed at Salney, Germany, on 19 July, 1488

1 executed at Brieg, Germany, on 19 July, 1488

2 executed at Juxney, Germany, on 19 August, 1488

5 executed at Thionville, Germany, on 23 August, 1488

1 executed at Metz, Germany, on 2 September, 1488

1 executed at Vigey, Germany, on 15 September, 1488

1 executed at Juxney, Germany, on 22 September, 1488

1 executed in France circa 1500

30 burned in Calahorra, Spain, in 1507

1 burned in Saxony, Germany, in 1510

60 burned in Northern Italy, in 1510

500 + burned in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1515

2 burned in Besancon, France, in 1521

64 burned in Val Camonica, Italy between 1518-1521

100 burned in Como, Italy, in 1523

1000 + in Como, Italy, in 1524

900 executed by Nicholas Remy (years unknown, about 15 years total)

"A large number" executed at Saragossa, Spain, in 1536

7 burned at Nantes, France, in 1549

1 burned at Lyons, France, in 1549

3 burned alive at Derneburg, Germany, on 4 October, 1555

1 burned alive at Bievires, France, in 1556

5 burned at Verneuil, France, in 1561

17,000 + in Scotland from 1563 to 1603

4 burned at Potiers, France, in 1564

1 burned at St. Andrews, Scotland, in 1569

"Many" burned in France in 1571

1 burned at St. Andrews, Scotland, in 1572

70,000 killed in England after 1573

"Several" executed in Paris, France, in 1574

80 executed in one fire at Valery-en-Savoie, France, in 1574

3 executed in Dorset, England, in 1578

36 persons executed at Kilkenny, Ireland, in 1578

18 killed at St. Oses, England, in 1582

"Several" burned in Mesolcina, Italy, in 1583

368 persons killed for witchcraft between 18 January, 1587, and 18 November, 1593, in the diocese of Treves.

1 burned at Riom, France, in 1588

133 persons burned in one day at Quedlinburg, in Germany, in 1589

48 burned in Wurttemberg, Germany, in 1589

2 burned at Cologne, Germany in 1589

54 burned in Franconia in 1590

300 burned in Bern, Switzerland, between 1591-1600

1 burned in Ghent, Holland, in 1591

9 executed in Toulouse, France, in 1595

1 burned in Ghent, Holland, in 1598

24 burned in Aberdeen, Scotland, circa 1598

77 burned in Vaud, Switzerland, in 1599

10 -daily- were burned (average) in the Duchy of Brunswick between 1590-1600

20 executed (other than those listed by name above) in the reign of King James VI and I of England.

40,000 executed between 1600-1680 in Great Britain

205 burned at the Abbey of Fulda, Germany, between 1603-1605

"Several" witches executed in Derbyshire, England, in 1607

24 burned + 3 suicides in Hagenau, Alsace, in 1607

"A number of women" burned at Breehin, Scotland, in 1608

1 burned alive by a mob at St. Jean de Liuz, France, circa 1608

18 killed at Orleans, France, in 1616

9 hanged at Leicester, England, in 1616

8 hanged at Londinieres, France, in 1618

"Several" witches condemned at Nerac, France, on 26 June, 1619

200 + executed at Labourt, France, in 1619

2 executed at Bedford, England, in 1624

56 executions at Mainz, Germany, between 1626-1629

77 executions at Burgstadt, Germany, between 1626-1629

40 executions at Berndit, Buttan, Ebenheit, Wenchdorf and Heinbach, Germany, between 1626-1629

8 executions in Prozelten and Amorbach, Germany between 1626-1629

168 executions in the district of Miltenberg, Germany, between 1626-1629

85 burned in Dieburg, Germany, in 1627

79 burned at Offenburg, Austria, from 1627-1629

274 executed in Eichstatt, Germany in 1629

124 executed by the Teutonic Order at Mergentheim, Germany in 1630

900 executions at Bamberg, Germany, between 1627 and 1631

22,000 (approx) executed in Bamberg, Germany between 1610 and 1840

1 hanged at Sandwich, in Kent, England, in 1630

3 executed at Lindheim, Germany in 1631

20 executed in Norfolk, England, on evidence of Matthew Hopkins, before 26 July, 1645

29 condemned, on the evidence of Matthew Hopkins, at Chelmsford, England, on 29 July, 1645

150 killed in England in the last six months of 1645

2 executed at Norwich, England, in 1648

14 hanged at Newcastle, England, in 1649

220 + in England and Scotland, on evidence of a Scottish Witch-finder, circa 1648-1650

2 killed by a mob at Auxonne, France, in 1650

30 burned in Lindheim, Germany, between 1640-1651

900 killed in Lorraine, France (years unknown)

30,000 (approx) burned by the Inquisition (not all may have been witches)

3-4000 killed during Cromwell's tenure in England

102 burned in Zuckmantel, Germany, in 1654

18 burned at Castle Hill, Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1658

85 executed at Mohra, Sweden, on 25 August, 1670

71 beheaded or burned in Sweden between 1674-1677

90 burned at Salzburg, Austria, in 1678

11 burned at Prestonpans, Scotland, in 1678

36 executed in Paris, France, in 1680

"Several" burned at Rouen, France, in 1684-1685

3 executed (Suzanna, Isle and Catherine (last names unknown) at Arendsee, Germany, in 1687

36 burned at Nordlingen, Germany between 1690-1694

5 burned at Paisley, Scotland, on 10 June, 1697

9 persons burned at Burghausen, Germany, all under 16 years of age, on 26 March, 1698

1 burned at Antrim, Ireland, in 1699

"Many" burned at Spott Loan, Scotland, in 1705

2 persons killed in the Trentino, Austria, between 1716 and 1717

1 executed in France, in 1718

2 persons, a mother and daughter, burned in Scotland, in 1722

13 burned at Szegedin, Hungary, in 1728

1 burned at Szegedin, Hungary, in 1730

13 burned alive at Szegedin, Hungary on 23 July, 1738

3 burned at Karpfen, Germany, in 1744

3 burned at Muhlbach, Germany, in 1746

1 executed at Szegedin, Hungary, in 1746

1 executed at Maros Vasarheli, (nation unknown), 1752

100 + executed at Haeck, Germany between 1772 and 1779

2 burned in Poland in 1793

"Several" burned in South America during the 1800's

1 shot by a policeman at Uttenheim, Germany, on suspicion of being a were-wolf, in November, 1925

1 murdered in Pennsylvania in 1929

for a total of 236,870 (unknowns listed)

Frank Donovan says: "Several modern writers claim that 9,000,000 people met their deaths during the witchcraft persecution but offer no valid statistical records to support this estimate. On the other end of the scale is the 'educated guess' of R.H.Robbins and others that the total may have been about 200,000. Contemporary records are spotty and incomplete. Many deaths were probably never recorded and other archives have been lost thru time." It is this writer's opinion that - one-half million - executed is a reasonable estimated total.

REFERENCES:

THE BOOK OF DAYS W. J. Bethancourt III (unpublished ms.)

CHRONICLE OF THE WORLD Jerome Burne; Ecam, 1990

A NATURAL HISTORY OF UNNATURAL THINGS Daniel Cohen; McCall, 1971

NEVER ON A BROOMSTICK Frank Donovan; Bell, 1971

A HISTORY OF SECRET SOCIETIES Arkhon Daraul; Citadel, 1962

THE WEAKER VESSEL Antonia Fraser, Borzoi, 1984

EXTRAORDINARY POPULAR DELUSIONS AND THE MADNESS OF CROWDS Charles MacKay; L.C.Page, 1932 (orig. pub. 1841)

THE HISTORY OF MAGIC AND THE OCCULT Kurt Seligmann; Harmony Books, 1975

THE GEOGRAPHY OF WITCHCRAFT Montague Summers, University Books, 1965

TREASURY OF WITCHCRAFT Harry E. Wedeck; Philosophical Library, 1961

SOUNDINGS IN SATANISM pp 46-54. ISBN 0 264 64627 4